Product Description
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid with a characteristic ether-like odor. It is a cyclic ether with excellent solvent properties and is widely used in chemical synthesis, polymer processing, coatings, adhesives, and other industrial applications.
THF is particularly valued for its ability to dissolve many organic substances and certain polymers. It is also used as a raw material in the production of polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), an important intermediate for manufacturing spandex fibers and polyurethane elastomers.
Tetrahydrofuran Chemical Properties |
Melting point | -108°C |
Boiling point | 66 °C |
density | 0.887 g/mL at 20 °C |
vapor density | 2.5 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | <0.01 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.465 |
Fp | >230 °F |
storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
solubility | water: soluble |
form | Liquid |
color | <10(APHA) |
Specific Gravity | 0.89 |
Odor | Ethereal, detectable at 2 to 50 ppm |
Relative polarity | 0.207 |
PH | 7-8 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
PH Range | 7 |
explosive limit | 1.5-12.4%(V) |
Water Solubility | miscible |
FreezingPoint | -108℃ |
Thermal Conductivity | 0.145 W/(m·K) at 25 ℃ |
Sensitive | Air Sensitive & Hygroscopic |
λmax | λ: 245 nm Amax: ≤0.26 |
Merck | 14,9211 |
BRN | 102391 |
Henry's Law Constant | 1.54 (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL 250 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 20,000 ppm (NIOSH). |
Dielectric constant | 11.6（-70℃） |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with halogens, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases, oxygen. May generate explosive peroxides in storage if in contact with air. Highly flammable. Store at room temperature under nitrogen. Hazardous polymerisation may occur. Light sensitive. May contain 2,6-di-tertbutyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) as a stabilizer. |
InChI | 1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2 |
InChIKey | WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES | C1CCOC1 |
LogP | 0.45 at 25℃ |
Surface tension | 27.31mN/m at 293.15K |
CAS DataBase Reference | 109-99-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
IARC | 2B (Vol. 119) 2019 |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Furan, tetrahydro-(109-99-9) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Tetrahydrofuran (109-99-9) |
Absorption | ≤0.0044 at 315nm |
Safety Information |
Hazard Codes | Xi,F,Xn |
Risk Statements | 36/37/38-36/37-19-11-40 |
Safety Statements | 26-36-33-29-16-46-37-13 |
OEB | A |
OEL | TWA: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3), STEL: 250 ppm (735 mg/m3) |
RIDADR | UN 2056 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
Safety and Storage
Tetrahydrofuran is highly flammable and can form explosive peroxide compounds during storage, particularly when exposed to air over time. Handle it in a well-ventilated area, keep it away from heat, sparks, and open flames, and use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Store it in a tightly sealed, compatible container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Follow the supplier's instructions for peroxide monitoring, storage duration, and disposal. Consult the product-specific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before handling.
