Products Description
StyreneisanorganicchemicalcompoundwiththemolecularformulaC₈H₈andthestructuralformulaCH₂=CHC₆H₅.Itisalsoknownbyvariousnames,includingstyrol,vinylbenzene,phenylethene,phenylethylene,andstyreen.Itsmolecularstructureconsistsofabenzeneringattachedtoavinylgroup.Undernormalroomtemperatureandatmosphericpressure,styreneexistsasatransparent,colorlessliquid.Itisanimportantindustrialmonomerwidelyusedintheproductionofsyntheticrubber,adhesives,andvariousplastics,includingstyrenesheets.
Chemical Properties
Melting point | -31 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 145-146 °C (lit.) |
density | 0.906 g/mL at 25 °C |
vapor density | 3.6 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 12.4 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.546(lit.) |
Fp | 88 °F |
storage temp. | Store at <= 20°C. |
solubility | 0.24g/l |
form | Liquid |
pka | >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) |
Specific Gravity | 0.909 |
color | Colorless |
Odor | at 0.10 % in triacetin. sweet balsam floral plastic |
Odor Type | balsamic |
Odor Threshold | 0.035ppm |
explosive limit | 1.1-8.9%(V) |
Water Solubility | 0.3 g/L (20 ºC) |
FreezingPoint | -30.6℃ |
Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
Merck | 14,8860 |
BRN | 1071236 |
Henry's Law Constant | (x 10-3 atm?m3/mol): 3.91 at 25 °C (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 50 ppm (～212 mg/m3) (ACGIH and NIOSH), 100 ppm (～425 mg/m3) (OSHA and MSHA); ceiling 200 ppm, peak 600 ppm/5 min/3 h (OSHA); STEL 100 ppm （～425 mg/m3) (ACGIH). |
Dielectric constant | 2.4（25℃） |
Stability: | Stable, but may polymerize upon exposure to light. Normally shipped with a dissolved inhibitor. Substances to be avoided include strong acids, aluminium chloride, strong oxidizing agents, copper, copper alloys, metallic salts, polymerization catalysts and accelerators. Flammable - vapour may travel considerable distance to ignition source |
InChIKey | PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | 2.96 at 25℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 100-42-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
IARC | 2A (Vol. 60, 82, 121) 2019 |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Styrene(100-42-5) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Styrene (100-42-5) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | Xn,T,F |
Risk Statements | 10-20-36/38-40-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-48/20-63 |
Safety Statements | 23-36-26-16-45-36/37-7-46 |
RIDADR | UN 2055 3/PG 3 |
OEB | A |
OEL | TWA: 50 ppm (215 mg/m3), STEL: 100 ppm (425 mg/m3) |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | WL3675000 |
Autoignition Temperature | 914 °F |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2902 50 00 |
HazardClass | 3 |
PackingGroup | III |
Hazardous Substances Data | 100-42-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 660 ± 44.3 i.p.; 90 ± 5.2 i.v. |
IDLA | 700 ppm |
Product Applications
Styrene is an important monomer widely employed in the production of synthetic rubber, adhesives, and plastics [3,4,5]. It serves as a key raw material in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber, polystyrene resins, glass-fiber-reinforced polyester materials, and various coatings. It is also commonly used in the production of polystyrene, ion-exchange resins, and expanded polystyrene. Furthermore, styrene can undergo copolymerization with other monomers to produce a variety of engineering plastics. For example, its copolymerization with acrylonitrile and butadiene produces ABS resin, which is extensively applied in household appliances and industrial products. Copolymerization with acrylonitrile yields SAN resin, which is characterized by good impact resistance and attractive color properties. In addition, the copolymerization of styrene with butadiene produces SBS thermoplastic elastomers, which are widely used as modifiers for polyvinyl chloride and acrylic materials. Similarly, SBS and SIS thermoplastic elastomers can be synthesized through copolymerization with butadiene and isoprene, respectively. Styrene also functions as a crosslinking monomer in the modification of PVC, polypropylene, and unsaturated polyester materials.
Styrene is also used as a reactive monomer in the preparation of styrene-acrylic emulsions and solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. Through copolymerization with vinyl acetate and acrylic esters, it can be used to formulate emulsion adhesives and coatings. Moreover, styrene is one of the most frequently utilized vinyl monomers in the medical field, where it contributes to the development of various modified and composite materials [6].
In addition to these major applications, small quantities of styrene are used in the production of fragrances and other chemical intermediates. For instance, cinnamyl chloride, obtained through the chloromethylation of styrene, serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of certain non-narcotic analgesics. Styrene is also involved in the preparation of specific pharmaceutical compounds with antitussive, expectorant, and anticholinergic properties. Furthermore, it can be utilized in the synthesis of anthraquinone dye intermediates, pesticide emulsifiers, styrene phosphonic acid-based ore flotation agents, and copper-plating brighteners [7].
